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Whether or not the South African National Assembly passes legislation to ban labour brokers is a question likely to be answered early in 2010. But there is little doubt that the matter has fast become the hot-button employment issue in the country, judging from the current intensity of the debate. 
 
Following two days of raucous public hearings in Cape Town by the Assembly&rsquo;s Portfolio Committee on Labour in late August that firmly pitted political parties against one another, the debate whether to pass a ban or to impose tighter regulations on labour broking moved to four provinces in early October where parliamentary regional hearings were held. 

<img alt="" src="" width="146" height="66" />
And in between, the Congress of South African Unions (COSATU) weighed in strongly in favour of a ban at its Tenth National Congress and immediately launched a national campaign to ban the 25-billion-rand business in coordination with global labour&rsquo;s World Day for Decent Work (WDDW) on 7 October. 
 
In COSATU&rsquo;s congress declaration, the federation states, &ldquo;&hellip; as part of the struggle for decent employment, we call for the elimination of the practice of labour broking.&rdquo; At a press conference following the 21-24 September congress, General Secretary Zwelinzima Vavi said labour brokers often take up to 20% of a worker&rsquo;s wages in fees. 
 
Three weeks earlier, at the Assembly&rsquo;s Portfolio Committee hearings, Vavi called the system a &ldquo;social ill,&rdquo; likening it to &ldquo;HIV and AIDS or crime and corruption. It&rsquo;s an arrangement made to take advantage of the weak and most vulnerable in a society.&rdquo; 

<img alt="" src="" width="102" height="111" />
One of COSATU&rsquo;s WDDW activities occurred on 6 October where 400 members of the affiliated Communication Workers&rsquo; Union (CWU) rallied in front of a postal centre in Ormonde. There, some 80% of the total workers are supplied by labour brokers. A CWU representative said eight labour brokers are used and what&rsquo;s worse, he added, is that some of the postal managers are part-owners of the labour-broking agencies. 
 
One such worker abused by the system and involved in the protest said he earns a monthly salary one-quarter of that of a permanent employee in the postal centre, while another said working in precarious employment is no better than being unemployed. &ldquo;They use us like condoms. One mistake, you are out and they get another one in your place anyway.&rdquo; 
 
The ICEM affiliate, National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA), called on parliamentarians of the African National Congress (ANC) to use its majority to pass a law banning labour brokers. NUMSA General Secretary Irvin Jim said under the latter-day apartheid employment system, the focus of employers is on labour agencies, not workers. &ldquo;In a society with high levels of inequalities, it is a crisis to allow this system to flourish,&rdquo; he said. 

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The political lines have been drawn in the debate. While most ANC legislators favour a ban, the business-friendly Democratic Alliance (DA) is on the defensive and merely calling for regulating labour broking. The fledging Congress of the People (COPE), with little political power following spin-off from the ANC, has been relatively silent on the issue, but is believed to favour tighter regulation rather than an outright ban. 
 
The business lobby says 500,000 people in South African are employed through labour brokers, but it is believed the real number could be triple that. The lobby does admit that of 6,000 labour brokers in the country, only 3,000 of them are properly registered. 
 
In neighbouring Namibia, labour brokers were banned in 2008. But the industry and business lobby has now challenged that law on constitutional grounds, something South African business interests would likely do as well if a ban is passed. 
 
On 27 August, the Building and Wood Workers&rsquo; International (BWI), together with its South African affiliate, the Building and Construction Allied Workers&rsquo; Union, held a forum in Johannesburg entitled &ldquo;Multi-Sectoral Conference on Decent Work Towards and Beyond 2010,&rdquo; aimed primarily at work issues in preparation for South Africa hosting the 2010 FIFA World Cup. 

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National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) Construction Coordinator Isaac Ntshangase pointed out that 32% of the country&rsquo;s building and construction industry is carried out using informal workers. The conference passed a resolution calling for a ban on labour brokers and condemned the sub-standard wages and work conditions common in subcontracting arrangements. 
 
Whether or not section 198 of South Africa&rsquo;s Labour Relations Act of 1995 gets amended to ban labour brokers totally, or if a compromise is struck placing tighter regulations on the practice, is an open question right now. But there is little question that some form of legislative action will result, which will be good news to the global union forces that are now marshalling efforts to rollback non-sustaining work through labour-hire agencies and indirect employment.

Issue to Ban ‘Labour Brokers’ in South Africa Coming to a Head

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A steep three-month wage, bonus, and vacation scheme cut to 35,000 miners and metalworkers in Kazakhstan was lifted, effective 1 October. JSC ArcelorMittal Temirtau, owner of a network of coal mines and a massive steel mill in the Karaganda region of Kazakhstan, negotiated the cuts with Steel and Coal Divisions Trade Unions within the company last spring in hard bargaining. 
 
ArcelorMittal Temirtau cited the global economic crisis for proposing the cuts, saying the Kazakhstan unit had taken a US$100 million operating loss in first quarter 2009. 

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After a series of difficult negotiations through a bi-lateral Conciliation Commission, representatives of the unions and management agreed on a compromise that saw coal mining wages cut by 14% and metal-working remuneration cut by 9%. In addition, vacation schedules contained in collective agreements were reduced and production bonus schemes halted. The company had initially sought 30% salary cuts 
 
Extension of the so-called &ldquo;anti-crisis agreement&rdquo; beyond 30 September remained an option, but on that day management said it would not extend it and the prior wage base and benefit levels would be restored, according to the chair of a miners&rsquo; trade union at a processing plant. 
 
In 2008, ArcelorMittal Temirtau announced it would construct a new four-million-tonne steel mill in the region, but in August plans for that new steel mill were shelved. 
 
ArcelorMittal is the world&rsquo;s largest steelmaker, with some 67 steel mills in 27 countries. About 8% of its steel-making capacity comes from its Temirtau operations. It operates eight coal mines in the Karaganda region, employing about 24,000 miners.

Wages Restored to Miners, Metalworkers at ArcelorMittal Temirtau in Kazakhstan

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The Third General Assembly of the South-East European Regional Energy Trade Unions Network took 
place in Belgrade, Serbia, on 19 September 19, under the chairmanship of Milan Kovacevic of EPS Trade Union, the host union. 
 
The gathering brought together delegations from both electric power and oil and gas trade unions from throughout the former Yugoslavia. Also present were the unions from Greece, Albania, Turkey, Cyprus, and Romania. 
 
Jim Catterson represented ICEM and EMCEF, with Public Services International (PSI) and the European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) being represented by Josef Krejbych, PSI&rsquo;s Secretary for Central Europe. 

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The meeting gained considerable press attention with the opening covered by Serbian TV. 
 
Held under a banner proclaiming that &ldquo;Energy is a Public Good in All Countries of the World,&rdquo; the conference focused on building a countervailing force to the neo-liberal politics that had created an &ldquo;economy of chaos&rdquo; in the region. Delegates all gave a report on their situation and developments in the energy sectors of their respective countries. 
 
Many interventions called for closer cooperation between their international and European organisations, with the unions being a mixture of affiliates to ICEM and PSI, together with a number of unions unaffiliated internationally. The network is formally independent of the international union structures although ICEM traditionally has always participated, when invited, to the South-East European Energy Trade Union Network. 

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Delegates agreed to a number of statutory changes and increased the size of the Executive Committee to include the Presidents of each member union. A discussion also focused on expanding membership, with hopes expressed that the grouping would be able to bring in presently uninvolved unions from all the Vizegrad countries, as well as more unions from Bosnia, Cyprus, and Greece 
 
The conference closed with the unanimous endorsement of a series of resolutions, including a political declaration from the network, a strategy document towards the Social Forum and Energy Community&rsquo;s Ministerial Council for South East Europe, and a warning to the Serbian Government against privatization. 
 
An appeal was made to all South-East European trade unions to join the network and a further appeal was made to the international and European organisations to increase joint work and create unity. The network finally decided to hold its next General Assembly in Romania.

South-East Europe’s Energy Unions Meet in Serbia in September

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The ICEM has strengthened its connections with mining unions in Albania after attending the 5th National Congress of the Union of Independent Trade Unions of Albania (BSPSH). Two ICEM affiliates, the Independent Trade Union of Mines and the Trade Union Federation of Chemical and Metal Workers are key members of the BSPSH. 
 
The BSPSH and the Confederation of Trade Unions of Albania (KSSH), a second trade union confederation, have been under attack by the government of Albania after they were forcibly and illegally removed from their offices and had computers and records destroyed or confiscated. The ICEM pledged to support efforts to have the property of the trade unions returned. 

<img src="" width="244" height="189" alt="" />
BSPSH Congress
Joe Drexler, ICEM Director of Industry and Corporate Affairs, represented the ICEM at the Congress and saluted the work of the BSPSH in developing democratic trade unions. He particularly noted the historical contributions of miners and their president, Kezim Kalaja, who in 1991 led a general strike that ushered in an era of political change and democracy that allowed trade unions to develop. Kalaja also became president of the BSPSH and was re-elected at the 5th Congress by acclamation in recognition of his decades of leadership. 
 
Also attending the Congress were national federations from Italy, Azerbaijan, Kosovo, Serbia, and Poland. 

<img src="" width="226" height="222" alt="" />
Joe Drexler &amp; Kezim Kalaja, centre
Drexler visited an underground copper mine and enrichment plant, owned and operated by a Turkish-based company, in the Northeast of the Albania. President Kalaja and Gjon Zeka, the trade union&rsquo;s regional secretary, joined the tour. 
 
Albania is only one of only 23 countries which have ratified International Labor Organization Convention 176 on Health and Safety in Mines.

ICEM Strengthens Connection with Trade Unions in Albania

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The Solidarity Support Organisation of the Central Labour Organisation of Finland (SASK) is an important partner of many Global Union Federations (GUFs) in joint work in Africa, Latin America and the Asia Pacific Regions. But until now, it has not undertaken support work with a GUF in the Middle East. 
 
This may be about to change. In a first such effort, SASK organised a three-day set of workshops in Amman, Jordan. The sessions ran from 29 September to 1 October, and were aimed at sharing information and experiences with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) and the GUFs. 
 
The ICEM&rsquo;s Jim Catterson represented the Geneva-based GUF during the discussions, which brought together representatives from SASK, the ITUC, and six GUFs. SASK has seen the main reason for its absence in the region as a lack of good project proposals being tabled before them. 

<img alt="" src="" width="362" height="194" />
Conference participants, outside the office of the General Union of Textile and Garment Workers in Jordan. 
After a brief formal opening session, ITUC representatives gave an up-to-date report on the trade union movement throughout the Arab World. This was followed by an overview from SASK on its global activities, methods of work and priorities regarding both work and information sharing with other Solidarity Support Organisations and the global union movement. 
 
Each GUF was then given time to describe its own activities in the region, developments in respective sectors, and GUF priorities for future work in the region. Here, Catterson emphasized that ICEM is still in a building stage in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) Region, and a major overall priority is to integrate the union work. As well, a main priority is to integrate MENA affiliates into the global work and activities of the ICEM. 
 
Clearly, privatisation of industrial enterprises, as well as gaining greater access to MNC investment has led to new challenges for the trade unions throughout the region, Catterson said. Unions also need assistance to organise workers in the new enterprises. Trade unions delegates attending from the region expressed their wish to have more information, as well as advice on how to benefit from the range of &quot;international instruments,&quot; including ILO Conventions, OECD Guidelines, the Global Compact, and Global Framework Agreements. 

<img alt="" src="" width="369" height="146" />
Delegates receive a briefing in the local ITLGWU-affiliated union office inside a QIZ 
Catterson described in detail the joint work the ICEM is doing with the International Transport Workers&rsquo; Federation (ITF) in bringing together oil and gas workers&rsquo; unions with port and transport unions that are involved in energy transportation in Iraq. 
 
Further sessions included a detailed focus on the issue of Migrant Labour in the region and in Jordan in particular, which saw extensive presentations from International Textile, Garment, Leather Workers&rsquo; Federation (ITGLWF) and the ILO Better Work programme. This latter project focuses on the garment industry and after an initial program in Cambodia, has expanded to a number of other countries including Jordan. 
 
Jordan has a significant garment manufacturing industry with production geared on exports almost totally to the US. The industry is principally located in special export processing zones known as Qualified Industrial Zones (QIZs). Here, working and living conditions are truly appalling, with the overwhelmingly the number of workers foreign migrant workers. The ITGLWF Jordanian affiliate described the difficulties they face in organising workers in such conditions. Often, such workers distrust trade unions from experiences in their own countries and few speak Arabic. As well, access to either workplaces or living accommodations is tightly controlled by employers who often prevented union organisers from gaining access. However, ITGLWF had, in many instances, overcome such obstacles and continue to organise migrant workers in the industry. 
<img alt="" src="" width="100" height="100" /><img alt="" src="" width="100" height="95" /><img alt="" src="" width="95" height="95" />
Participants were able to see an example of these successes with a visit to a factory making jeans for the US market. The factory was in one such QIZ in an area north of Amman. The union has an office, staffed by multi-lingual organisers, with the office displaying the flags of nations in which migrant workers hail from. The organizers speak such diverse languages as Chinese, Urdu, Tamal, and Arabic. 
 
Workshop participants received an initial briefing by union officials and organizers in the union office, as well as a tour of a small but well-equipped medical clinic that serves workers and their families. The clinic provides free medical treatment, dental care, and diagnostics. 
 
It was established with support of the Asia and Pacific Regional Organisation (TWARO) of ITGLWF, along with the GUF&rsquo;s Japanese affiliates. It stands as a facility that any union would be proud to have. 
 
Management at one of the textile factories, employing around 1,500 workers, mainly from the Indian sub-continent, then joined the discussions for a question and answer session. Most of the workforce was organised by the union and a reasonable relationship had been built between union and management. 
 
ICEM will be in discussions with SASK in the future with a view toward developing joint programmes and providing solidarity and assistance to affiliated unions throughout the MENA Region.

ICEM Joins SASK of Finland, Others in Union-Building Workshops in Middle East

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A strike in South Africa&rsquo;s gold fields intensified last week as 4,000 miners and their family members, backed by the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), marched on 29 September to DRDGold Ltd&rsquo;s offices in Carletonville. The strike at two company mines, Blyvoor and Consolidated Crown Gold Recoveries, started on 16 and 17 September. 
 
At the same time that last week&rsquo;s manifestation was occurring, the NUM filed a petition with the Department of Minerals to revoke the mining license of DRDGold. The union labels the company with a socially irresponsible record in South Africa, one marked by the closing of mines and payment of paltry salaries. 

<img src="" width="160" height="96" alt="" />
That anti-social attitude was evidenced at the outset of the strike. DRDGold sought a labour court order declaring the strike illegal, and when the agency did not rule on behalf of the company, DRDGold issued an ultimatum that job cuts would occur if the strike was not called off. 
 
The NUM is seeking a living wage increase of 13% in high-inflation South Africa, while the company is offering a sub-inflation raise of only 7% for lower classified workers and 6.5% for higher category workers. Gold has been one commodity that has retained and exceeded its pricing expectations during the economic crisis, having risen over the past year from US$750 per once to US$1,000. 
 
DRDGold argues that since gold markets worldwide are fixed to the US dollar and because the dollar has lost ground to the rand, the company deserves pay awards that fall below South Africa&rsquo;s inflation rate. 
 
&ldquo;We cannot afford to have a company that pleads poverty all the time,&rdquo; said NUM Carletonvile Regional Chair Deon Boqwana. &ldquo;This is the same company that was once crowned worst employer of the year by COSATU some years back.&rdquo;

Mining Strike at DRDGold in South Africa Heats Up

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ICEM Italian affiliate FEMCA-CISL has drawn a line in the stand against any break-up of Eni, the oil and gas major that is 30% owned by the Italian government. As investors study a restructuring of the energy company, the union sounded a warning last week that splitting Eni into separate companies would bring more harm than good. 
 
FEMCA-CISL General Secretary Sergio Gigli said both workers and consumers would be negatively affected, and that skills, knowledge, and strategic synergies &ndash; long vital in the running of the company &ndash; would be destroyed. 

<img alt="" src="" width="130" height="173" />
Sergio Gigli
The union&rsquo;s comments came at the same time that a financial conference was being held in Milan to address restructuring the company. At that conference, American asset management company and minority shareholder, Knight Vinke, known for provoking shareholder activism to break apart enterprises, recommended that Eni&rsquo;s oil and gas units be split apart in separate upstream and downstream businesses. 
 
FEMCA-CISL called such a possible separation a loss of integration that would jeopardize the company as a national model, and as an entity that plays a valuable social role inside Italy. The union also said that any weakening of Eni would erode the company&rsquo;s ability to provide guaranteed strategic energy source supplies to Italy. 
 
Meanwhile, three Italian unions &ndash; FILCEM-CGIL, UILCEM-UIL, and FEMCA-CISL &ndash; welcomed the news last week that talks have fallen through between Eni and a UK private equity group, the Klesch Group, over sale of a refinery in Livorno, Tuscany. The discussions caused a nine-day strike by unions at the 1,000-worker refinery in early September. Eni had insisted in preliminary talks with Klesch that job guarantees be given to all workers.

Italian Union, FEMCA-CISL, Opposes Splitting of Energy Company Eni

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Belgian workers, members of two ICEM affiliates &ndash; FGTB and CSV, are bracing for more job redundancies in the glass sector, as Japanese-based Asahi Glass announced job cuts at two worksites in southern Belgium by year end. 
 
AGC Automotive, Asahi&rsquo;s auto-glass manufacturer, announced late in September that it intends to chop 203 jobs at a factory in Fleurus, Belgium, and at an administrative centre in Seneffe, Belgium. The company also said it was cutting another 68 jobs at an auto-mirror factory in Cuneo, Italy. 
 
Belgian workers in Wallonia immediately began a 24-hour strike upon hearing the announcement. The Renault procedure was invoked and the unions and management are in talks to hopefully restrict the number of job cuts. 

<img alt="" src="" width="110" height="107" />
This week, on 9 October, FGTB and CSC will hold a manifestation in Charleroi against Asahi&rsquo;s cuts, entitled &ldquo;We Will Not Pay Twice for the Crisis!&rdquo; 
 
Asahi&rsquo;s proposed redundancies would further deepen a manufacturing crisis that has gripped the Walloon region of Belgium. The 163 jobs targeted for redundancy at Fleurus would more than half the present workforce of 295. A short eight years ago, the Japanese company employed 1,150 workers at the auto-glass plant. In Seneffe, 40 out of 165 jobs at the company&rsquo;s European administration headquarters are proposed to be cut, with that facility closing and the remaining workers transferred to Fleurus. 
 
In Italy, the initial proposal for the Cuneo plant is to lop 68 of 209 jobs. Asahi also announced it was closing an auto-glass factory in Kitakyushi, Japan, by January 2010.

Belgian Glass Workers to Manifest as Asahi Plans More Jobs Cuts

<img src="" width="100" height="39" alt="" />
Today, the ICEM stepped up its support for the nearly 600 miners of US Borax, in their struggle to defend their trade union rights and working conditions, against an attack from the Rio Tinto subsidiary. 
 
US Borax, located in Boron, California, is one of the few global suppliers of borates, and has the reserves for nearly 40 years more of production. Workers at the mine are represented by ICEM affiliate International Longshore and Warehouse Union Local 30. Workers, through their union, have put forth a list of demands. 

<img src="" width="100" height="95" alt="" />
On wages, they seek an increase that will redress their loss of earning power over the past five years in which they saw raises that fell below inflation levels. They also seek to eliminate a two-tier wage structure that was put in place five years ago. On pensions, they are defending a defined benefit plan that the company seeks to eliminate, one that was fully funded until the stock market decline. 
 
On sick leave and medical benefits, the company has systematically reduced levels and Local 30 demands a redress of this trend. 
 
The ICEM is urging trade unions and activists to let Rio Tinto know that these miners are not alone in their fight for economic and social justice in this contract period. Please write and fax a letter (using the model found <a href="/index.php?id=5&amp;la=EN&amp;doc=3428">here</a>) to Rio Tinto CEO Tom Albanese, and be sure to send a copy to Willie Adams, Secretary-Treasurer of the ILWU at <a href="mailto:william.adams@ilwu.org">william.adams@ilwu.org</a>.

ICEM Calls for Support to US Miners in California, Attacked by Rio Tinto

<img src="" width="100" height="39" alt="" />
ILO'ya bağlı İş&ccedil;i &Ccedil;alışmaları B&uuml;rosu (ILO ACTRAV) 12-15 Ekim 2009 g&uuml;nlerinde Cenevre'de &ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme ve toplu pazarlık hakkı konulu uluslararası bir sempozyum d&uuml;zenledi. 

<img alt="" src="" width="326" height="190" />
Sempozyum ulusal sendikal merkezlerden, ulusal işkolu sendikalarından, k&uuml;resel federasyonlardan ve ITUC'tan, akademik &ccedil;evrelerden ve ILO'dan 60'ın &uuml;zerinde katılımcıyı bir araya getirdi. ICEM'i Jim Catterson ve Phee Jungsun temsil ediyordu. Tartışmalarda, &ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme ve toplu pazarlık haklarının sendikalarda &uuml;ye sayısının d&uuml;şmesinden, &ccedil;alışma ilişkilerinin giderek bireyselleşmesinden ve k&uuml;reselleşme bağlamındaki dizginsiz rekabet ve esneklik arayışından kaynaklanan sorunlarla karşı karşıya bulunduğu olgusu &uuml;zerinde duruldu. Bu sorunlarla başa &ccedil;ıkabilmek, &ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme ve toplu pazarlık haklarını ve diğer temel hak ve ilkeleri yaşama ge&ccedil;irebilmek i&ccedil;in sendikaların g&uuml;&ccedil;lendirilmesi gerekiyor. 

<img alt="" src="" width="328" height="194" />
Sempozyum şunları ama&ccedil;lıyordu: 
- Toplu s&ouml;zleşme ve &ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme haklarının uygulanmasındaki son gelişmeleri ve trendleri incelemek. 
- İnsana yakışır &ccedil;alışmanın sosyal ve ekonomik ama&ccedil;ları ile toplu pazarlık arasındaki ilişkiyi tartışmak. 
- Sendikaların &ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme ve toplu pazarlık kapasitesini g&uuml;&ccedil;lendirecek politika ve stratejileri saptamak. 
- &Ouml;rg&uuml;tlenme ve toplu pazarlık hakkının genel ve yaygın bir bi&ccedil;imde uygulanmasını sağlamanın y&ouml;ntem ve ara&ccedil;larını saptamak. 
 
Toplantının oturumlarından biri k&uuml;resel &ccedil;er&ccedil;eve s&ouml;zleşmeler konusuna ayrıldı. &Ouml;zg&uuml;r Berlin &Uuml;niversitesi'nden Dr. Michael Fichter'in yaptığı genel girişten sonra, Rhodia ile ICEM arasında bağıtlanmış olan k&uuml;resel s&ouml;zleşme &uuml;zerinde duruldu. Bu konuda ICEM adına sunumu Jim Catterson yaptı.

ILO&#039;nun 98 nolu Sözleşmesinin 60. Yıldönümü

Archive

Issue to Ban ‘Labour Brokers’ in South Africa Coming to a Head

Wages Restored to Miners, Metalworkers at ArcelorMittal Temirtau in Kazakhstan

South-East Europe’s Energy Unions Meet in Serbia in September

ICEM Strengthens Connection with Trade Unions in Albania

ICEM Joins SASK of Finland, Others in Union-Building Workshops in Middle East

Mining Strike at DRDGold in South Africa Heats Up

Italian Union, FEMCA-CISL, Opposes Splitting of Energy Company Eni

Belgian Glass Workers to Manifest as Asahi Plans More Jobs Cuts

ICEM Calls for Support to US Miners in California, Attacked by Rio Tinto

ILO'nun 98 nolu Sözleşmesinin 60. Yıldönümü

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